Clinical Profile, Angiographic Characteristics and Treatment Recommendations in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic profile, risk factors, angiographic findings and treatment recommendations in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
METHODS: This descriptive study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Clinical and risk factors data was collected by clinical evaluation and reviewing hospital record. Angiographic data was collected by analyzing angiograms. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 19.
RESULTS: A total of 1325 patients were included in the study out of which 980 (73.80%) were male. Their mean age ±SD was 53±10.8years. Thirty six (36%) patients suffered from hypertension, 17% had diabetes mellitus, 42% had dyslipidemia, 37% were smokers and 32% had history for premature coronary artery disease. On angiographic analysis 251(18.9%) patients had single vessel disease (SVD), 344(26%) had double vessel disease (DVD), 596(45%) had triple vessel disease (TVD), 42(3.2%) had left main disease (LMD) and 92(6.9%) had normal coronary arteries. The involvement of left anterior descending (LAD), circumflex and right coronary artery (RCA) was 42%, 26% and 32% respectively. A total of 2517 lesions were identified in which mild, moderate and severe were 276(11%), 327(13%) and 1912(76%) respectively. American Heart Association (AHA) type A, B and C lesions were 931(37%), 1283(51%) and 302(12%) respectively. Mean±SD lesion length was 5.9±3.8 mm. Others characteristics of lesions included ostial stenosis in 118 (4.7%), bifurcation stenosis 528 (21%), calcification 191(7.6%) and chronic total occlusion 151 (6%). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) was advised in 874(66%) and 251(18.9%), respectively.
CONCLUSION: Conventional risk factors were highly prevalent in our patients with coronary artery disease. Double and triple vessels disease was most common in our patients and PCI was frequently used as treatment modality.