Correlation of Atrial Natriuretic peptide (ANP) coding gene (NPPA) and Human Hypertension

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a polypeptide hormone secreted by atrial muscle cells that has an endogenous antagonistic effect on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). It is believed to regulate salt and fluid balance and blood pressure. Blood samples (150) from males aged less than 20 to 55 years were collected from Al-Salam and Ibn-Sena Teaching Hospital in Mosul from 1/2/2022 to 1/9/2022. These samples, 5ml that include healthy and previously blood hypertension-diagnosed patients, were put into two tubes for hormonal and molecular study and divided into three classes: Control, which includes 50 samples from healthy individuals; hypertension without treatment patients 40 individuals and patients with treatment 60 individuals. Each class was divided into five groups according to their age. group (1) less than 20, group (2) 20-29, group (3) 30-39, group (4) 40-49 and group (5) 50-59 years. Serum ANP hormone concentration was measured, and the results revealed significant differences at \((p < 0.01)\) between patients and healthy control groups. Hormone concentration had decreased in the 1,2 group while increased in groups 3,4,5 of treated and untreated patients compared with control groups with different group concentrations ranging from 28.86-23.16 pg/ml, indicating the effect of aging on hormone concentration. Also, the results revealed a different hormone concentration in untreated patient's groups that ranged between 12.97-28 pg./ml while the concentration of treated patient's groups ranged between 12.97-33.36 pg/ml, these differences in hormone concentration in all groups revealed the effect interference of aging and treatments that had a direct effect on the hormone concentration. Besides, the Amplicon copy numbers of the ANP coding gene (Nppa gene), considered an essential indicator of gene activities utilizing the real-time technique, showed a significant increase in patient groups, especially group (5) of both treated and untreated, compared with control. These results concluded that this hormone had an essential correlation with hypertension.